Ch. 15 & 16 Time expressions and indirect questions

HW: 15A 1,2,6,7; 16A 1,2,4,5 &
Compose an original sentence with an indirect (reported) question and either an ablative of time within which or an accusative of duration of time; as always, include the Latin and your English version of the sentence.

TIME EXPRESSIONS

For ch. 15, read it very carefully. It is straightforward, nothing difficult to to understand if you follow the examples and explanations. Use the cases, prepositions, and word order noted in the examples, and you'll be fine. For example, ablative shows time at which and time within which; accusative shows extent/duration of time.

REPORTED QUESTIONS

For 16, we are doing indirect (reported) questions. In English these have regular verbs, but in Latin the verbs are subjunctive (just like in indirect commands).

Review the question words from ch. 1, but note that num with an indirect/reported question does NOT expect a no answer, and it means "if" or "whether".

Notes on word usage:

The particle -ne becomes num in indirect question.
The wordsd cur and quomodo are usually replaced by quare, quam ob rem, or quem ad modum.
The reflexive pronoun (sui, sibi, se, se) refers back to the main clause speaker as with all indirect speech (i.e. indirect commands and indirect statements).
Since Latin has no future subjunctive, futures must be represented by the future active participle (e.g. futurus) + sim or essem in indirect questions.


Here are some examples to show how the Latin subjunctives follow the sequence of tenses.

"Venitne?" Is he coming? {Direct or quoted question

Rogabimus num veniat. We will ask whether he is coming. {Pres. subj. = SAME time as primary sequence main verb (rogabimus)

Rogaverunt num veniret. They asked if he was coming. {Impf. subj. = SAME time as secondary sequence main verb (rogaverunt)

"Quis morietur?" Who will die? {Direct

Scis quis moriturus sit. You know who will die. {Fut. act. part. + pres. subj. of sum shows LATER time than primary main verb (scis)

Didiceratne quis moriturus esset? Had he learned who would die? {Fut. act. part. + impf. subj. of sum shows LATER time than secondary main verb (didicerat)

"Quo iistis?" Where did you (pl.) go? {Direct

Incertum est quo ieritis. It is unclear where you went. {Perf. subj. - EARLIER time than primary main verb (est)

Mirati sumus quo iissetis. We wondered where you had gone. {Pluperf. subj. - EARLIER time than secondary main verb (mirati sumus)